University Catalog 2025-2026

Genetics (BS)

The Genetics program offers undergraduate majors classroom training in fundamentals of genetics and other sciences, as well as opportunities for meaningful research experience. The degree in genetics is the only genetics major offered in the UNC system.

The genetics major complements other degree programs in the biological and life sciences at N.C. State, as it prepares students for further graduate study, professional schools (such as medical, dental, veterinary, genetic counseling) or careers in industries whose products are based on biological and agricultural research, including biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Building on the strength of NC State as a leader in science and technology, students in the program can easily earn a concurrent minor in any of the other life sciences curricula, as well as other programs such as statistics or biotechnology.

Responsible conduct as a scientist and citizen are emphasized in the genetics coursework, and students will also have opportunities for public service and engagement through participation in the genetics outreach program. Students will be challenged to master their coursework while practicing hands-on problem-solving in both the classroom and active research settings. Genetics students also will be required to read the primary literature and present papers and their research findings, thus gaining valuable experience in scientific communication.

Contact Person

Dr. Whitney Jones
2526B Thomas Hall
wmjones4@ncsu.edu

Plan Requirements

Orientation
Select one of the following courses: 11
Freshmen in LSFY should select LSC 103. Freshmen in ENVFY should select ENV 100. Transfer students should select BSC 303.
Exploring Opportunities in the Life Sciences
Student Success in Environmental First Year
Transfer Student Transitions
Advanced Writing/Communication
Select one of the following courses: 13
Communication for Science and Research
Research in the Life Sciences I: Research Skills
Mathematical Sciences & Physics
MA 131Calculus for Life and Management Sciences A 13
or MA 141 Calculus I
MA 231Calculus for Life and Management Sciences B 13
or MA 241 Calculus II
ST 311Introduction to Statistics 13
or ST 371 Introduction to Probability and Distribution Theory
PY 211College Physics I 1,2,34
PY 212College Physics II 1,2,34
Chemistry
CH 101Chemistry - A Molecular Science 13
CH 102General Chemistry Laboratory 11
CH 201Chemistry - A Quantitative Science 1,23
CH 202Quantitative Chemistry Laboratory 11
CH 221Organic Chemistry I 13
CH 222Organic Chemistry I Lab 11
CH 223Organic Chemistry II 1,23
CH 224Organic Chemistry II Lab 11
Required Life Sciences
LSC 101Critical and Creative Thinking in the Life Sciences 12
or ENV 101 Exploring the Environment
BIO 181Introductory Biology: Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity 14
BIO 183Introductory Biology: Cellular and Molecular Biology 14
GN 311Principles of Genetics 14
GN 312Elementary Genetics Laboratory 11
GN 421Molecular Genetics 13
GN 423Population, Quantitative and Evolutionary Genetics 13
GN 425Advanced Genetics Laboratory 12
BCH 351General Biochemistry 1,23
or BCH 451 Principles of Biochemistry
Select one of the following Cell Biology/Physiology courses: 13
Physiology of Domestic Animals
Cellular and Molecular Biology
Principles of Human Anatomy & Physiology (A): Nervous, Skeletal, Muscular, & Digestive Systems
Principles of Human Anatomy & Physiology (B): Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Respiratory & Renal Systems
Cancer Cell Biology
Plant Physiology
Animal Anatomy and Physiology
Genetics Electives 1
Select 9 credit hours from the following courses: At least 6 credit hours must be GN prefix courses 19
Introductory Bioinformatics
Introduction to Machine Learning in Biology
Genes and Development
Human and Biomedical Genetics
Conservation Genetics
Genome Science
Personal Genomics
Epigenetics, Development, and Disease
Genetics Colloquium
Genetics Research Experience (S allowed)
Genetics Teaching Experience (S allowed)
Genes and Development
Human and Biomedical Genetics
Conservation Genetics
Animal Genetic Improvement
Animal Genetic Improvement
Plant Breeding
Developmental Biology
Evolutionary Medicine
Fundamentals of Bioinformatics
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) for Conservation and Society
Forest Genetics
Plant Micropropagation and Tissue Culture
Plant Micropropagation and Tissue Culture
Microbial Biotechnology
Microbial Biotechnology
Genetics in Marine Science
Genetics in Marine Science
Methods in Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology
Introduction to Plant Biotechnology
Methods in Plant Molecular Biology and Physiology
Introduction to Plant Biotechnology
High Impact Learning Experience
High Impact Learning Experience 1
Select 3 credit hours from the following list of courses 13
Research in the Life Sciences II: Guided Research
Cell Biology Research Lab
Phage Hunters
Phage Genomics
Biotechnology and Sustainability
Cancer Drug Discovery and Development
Directed Evolution
Portable Genome Sequencing
Fermentation of Recombinant Microorganisms
Protein Purification
RNA Interference and Model Organisms
Protein Interactions
Metagenomics
Virus Biotechnology: Pathogens to Therapeutics
Professional Experience (S allowed)
Research Experience (S allowed)
Teaching Experience (S allowed)
Biological Sciences Honors Project Part 1 (S allowed)
Biological Sciences Honors Project Part 2 (S allowed)
Genetics Research Experience (S allowed)
Genetics Teaching Experience (S allowed)
Phage Hunters
Phage Genomics
Restricted Electives
Select 9 credit hours from the following list of courses. Courses must come from two or more prefixes with a maximum of 3 credit hours at the 200 level. 19
Restricted Electives 1
GEP Courses
ENG 101Academic Writing and Research 14
GEP Humanities6
GEP Social Sciences6
GEP Health and Exercise Studies2
GEP Interdisciplinary Perspectives3
GEP Elective3
GEP Foundations of American Democracy (verify requirement)
GEP Global Knowledge (verify requirement)
World Language Proficiency (verify requirement)
Free Electives
Free Electives (12 Hr S/U Lmt)9
Total Hours120
1

A grade of C- or higher is required.

2

At most, one passing grade lower than C- is allowed for these science courses (CH 201, CH 223, BCH 351, BCH 451, PY 211, PY 212).

3

PY 201 or PY 205 and PY 206 may be substituted for PY 211. PY 202 or PY 208 and PY 209 may be substituted for PY 212

Restricted Electives

Any course at the 200 level and higher from the following prefixes: BIO, BSC, DSA, GGA, GN, MB, TOX, ZO
ANT 370Introduction to Forensic Anthropology3
ANT 371Human Variation3
BEC 425Molecular Biology for Biomanufacturing2
BEC 445Cell Line Development for Biomanufacturing2
BEC 545Cell Line Development for Biomanufacturing2
BIT 410Manipulation of Recombinant DNA4
BIT 510Core Technologies in Molecular and Cellular Biology4
ENT 425General Entomology3
FW 333Conservation Biology in Practice3
MA 331Differential Equations for the Life Sciences3
MA 341Applied Differential Equations I3
MEA 220Marine Biology3
MEA 252Biology of Marine Mammals3
MEA 350Marine Conservation Biology3
MEA 449Principles of Biological Oceanography3
MEA 454Marine Physical-Biological Interactions3
MEA 468Aquatic Microbiology3
PB 400Plant Diversity and Evolution4
PSY 430Biological Psychology3
ST 312Introduction to Statistics II3

Semester Sequence

This is a sample.

Plan of Study Grid
First Year
Fall SemesterHours
LSC 101
Critical and Creative Thinking in the Life Sciences 1
or Exploring the Environment
2
BIO 181 Introductory Biology: Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity 1 4
CH 101 Chemistry - A Molecular Science 1 3
CH 102 General Chemistry Laboratory 1 1
MA 131 Calculus for Life and Management Sciences A 1 3
LSC 103
Exploring Opportunities in the Life Sciences 1
or Student Success in Environmental First Year
1
GEP Health and Exercise Studies 1
 Hours15
Spring Semester
BIO 183 Introductory Biology: Cellular and Molecular Biology 1 4
CH 221 Organic Chemistry I 1 3
CH 222 Organic Chemistry I Lab 1 1
MA 231 Calculus for Life and Management Sciences B 1 3
ENG 101 Academic Writing and Research 1 4
 Hours15
Second Year
Fall Semester
CH 223 Organic Chemistry II 1,2 3
CH 224 Organic Chemistry II Lab 1 1
ST 311 Introduction to Statistics 1 3
Cell Biology/Physiology 1 3
GEP Interdisciplinary Perspectives 3
Free Electives 3
 Hours16
Spring Semester
GN 311 Principles of Genetics 1 4
GN 312 Elementary Genetics Laboratory 1 1
CH 201 Chemistry - A Quantitative Science 1,2 3
CH 202 Quantitative Chemistry Laboratory 1 1
Restricted Elective 1 3
GEP Humanities 3
GEP Health and Exercise Studies 1
 Hours16
Third Year
Fall Semester
GN 421 Molecular Genetics 1 3
GN 423 Population, Quantitative and Evolutionary Genetics 1 3
High Impact Learning Experience 1 3
Advanced Writing/Communication 1 3
GEP Elective 3
 Hours15
Spring Semester
GN 425 Advanced Genetics Laboratory 1 2
Genetics Elective 1 3
Biochemistry 1,2 3
PY 211 College Physics I 1,2,3 4
GEP Social Sciences 3
 Hours15
Fourth Year
Fall Semester
PY 212 College Physics II 1,2,3 4
Genetics Elective 1 3
Restricted Elective 1 3
Free Elective 3
 Hours13
Spring Semester
Genetics Elective 1 3
Restricted Elective 1 3
GEP Social Sciences 3
Free Elective 6
 Hours15
 Total Hours120
1

A grade of C- or higher is required.

2

At most, one passing grade lower than C- is allowed for these science courses (CH 201, CH 223, BCH 351, BCH 451, PY 211, PY 212).

3

PY 201 or PY 205 and PY 206 may be substituted for PY 211. PY 202 or PY 208 and PY 209 may be substituted for PY 212. 

Career Opportunities

Many students majoring in the Department of Biological Sciences take advantage of scholarship and honors programs available at NC State, including the University Honors Program and the University Scholars Program.  In addition, we offer a discipline-based Undergraduate Honors Program in Biological Sciences (DBS Honors Program).  The DBS Honors Program requires students to design a challenging program of advanced study, including eight credits of honors coursework in biology and at least two semesters of research or teaching scholarship.  Participants write an honors thesis and are required to present their scholarly work at a local, regional, or national meeting.  Invitations to join the DBS Honors Program are sent in the first three weeks of the Fall and Spring semesters.  Students in any major in the Department of Biological Sciences who have earned an overall GPA of 3.60 after completing 30-65 credit hours at NC State will receive an invitation to join the DBS Honors Program; transfer students in any of our majors who have earned an overall GPA of 3.60 in 15 credit hours at NC State also will receive an invitation.  

Students who graduate from the Department of Biological Sciences are well prepared for employment in various government agencies and private industries. Graduates may continue their education with studies leading to advanced degrees in many areas of the biological sciences, including cell biology, ecology, microbiology, genetics, zoology, neurobiology, and biomedical disciplines. Many choose to seek advanced degrees in medicine, dentistry, optometry, veterinary medicine, public health, and other health-related fields. Students who plan to seek certification for pre-college teaching may want to pursue a second major in the Department of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics Education.

Career Titles

  • Agricultural Sciences Professor
  • Biochemist
  • Biologist
  • Biology Professor
  • Botanist
  • Cardiologist (MD)
  • Environmental Research Analyst
  • Family Practitioner (MD)
  • Food & Drug Inspector
  • Forensic Science Technicians
  • General Internists (MD)
  • Genetic Counselors
  • Geneticist
  • Greenhouse and Nursery Manager
  • Marine and Aquatic Biologist
  • Medical and Health Services Managers
  • Microbiologist
  • Molecular and Cellular Biologists
  • Pathologist (MD)
  • Pharmacologist
  • Public Health Service Officer
  • Sales Representative (Chemicals & Drugs)
  • Zoologist

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Genetics Society of America